Yellows
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Yellows (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans, F. o. f. sp. raphani). All cole vegetables are susceptible. Leaves of plants affected by yellows have a yellow or greenish yellow appearance initially, and are often stunted. Yellowing may be more prominent on one side of the leaf. Stunting tends to be more pronounced over time in infected plants, and symptomatic foliage will become necrotic. Symptoms may be more severe on one side of the plant, resulting in curvature of stems. Defoliation is common in later stages of disease development. No visible decay is present externally; however, discoloration (brown) is usually visible in xylem tissues.
Fusarium yellows on cabbage
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(Photo: M.E Bartolo, Colorado State University, Bugwood.org)
Vascular discoloration caused by Fusarium on kale
(Photo: John Hartman, University of Kentucky)
Management:
- Use resistant varieties.
- Prevention of pathogen spread (movement of infested soil).
- Crop rotation.
